Articles

Biofluid lipidome: a source for potential diagnostic biomarkers

Lipidomics is the identification and quantitation of changes in the lipidome of a cell, tissue, organ or biofluid in health and disease using high resolution mass spectrometry. Lipidome of a particular organis...

Authors: Arkasubhra Ghosh and Krishnatej Nishtala

IFNγ-producing CD4⁺ T lymphocytes: the double-edged swords in tuberculosis

IFNγ-producing CD4⁺ T cells (IFNγ⁺CD4⁺ T cells) are the key orchestrators of protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Primarily, these cells act by enabling Mtb-infected macrophages to enforc...

Authors: Pawan Kumar

Single-cell RNA-sequencing of the brain

Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is revolutionizing our understanding of the genomic, transcriptomic and epigenomic landscapes of cells within organs. The mammalian brain is composed of a complex network...

Authors: Raquel Cuevas-Diaz Duran, Haichao Wei and Jia Qian Wu

Phosgene-induced acute lung injury (ALI): differences from chlorine-induced ALI and attempts to translate toxicology to clinical medicine

Phosgene (carbonyl dichloride) gas is an indispensable chemical inter-mediate used in numerous industrial processes. There is no clear consensus as to its time- and inhaled-dose-dependent etiopathologies and a...

Authors: Wenli Li and Juergen Pauluhn

Can glypican-3 be a disease-specific biomarker?

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a cell surface-bound proteoglycan which has been identified as a potential biomarker candidate in hepatocellular carcinoma, lung carcinoma, severe pneumonia, and acute respiratory distress...

Authors: Chaolei Chen, Xiaomin Huang, Zhaojian Ying, Dengmin Wu, Yani Yu, Xiangdong Wang and Chengshui Chen

Anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity: biomarkers and “Omics” technology in the era of patient specific care

Anthracyclines are highly effective against a variety of malignancies. However, their dose-dependent cardiotoxic effects can potentially limit their use. In the past decade, serum biomarkers have been used to ...

Authors: Shayan Moazeni, Martin Cadeiras, Eric H. Yang, Mario C. Deng and Kim-Lien Nguyen

ETS-targeted therapy: can it substitute for MEK inhibitors?

The RAS/MAPK pathway has been intensively studied in cancer. Constitutive activation of ERK1 and ERK2 is frequently found in cancer cells from a variety of tissues. In clinical practice and clinical trials, sm...

Authors: Osamu Tetsu and Frank McCormick

Single-cell sequencing and tumorigenesis: improved understanding of tumor evolution and metastasis

Extensive genomic and transcriptomic heterogeneity in human cancer often negatively impacts treatment efficacy and survival, thus posing a significant ongoing challenge for modern treatment regimens. State-of-...

Authors: Darrell L. Ellsworth, Heather L. Blackburn, Craig D. Shriver, Shahrooz Rabizadeh, Patrick Soon-Shiong and Rachel E. Ellsworth

Thermodynamics in cancers: opposing interactions between PPAR gamma and the canonical WNT/beta-catenin pathway

Cancer cells are the site of numerous metabolic and thermodynamic abnormalities. We focus this review on the interactions between the canonical WNT/beta-catenin pathway and peroxisome proliferator-activated re...

Authors: Yves Lecarpentier, Victor Claes, Alexandre Vallée and Jean-Louis Hébert

Lessons from the swamp: developing small molecules that confer salamander muscle cellularization in mammals

The ability of salamanders, such as newts, to regenerate damaged tissues has been studied for centuries. A prominent example of this regenerative power is the ability to re-grow entire amputated limbs. One imp...

Authors: JungIn Um, Da-Woon Jung and Darren Reece Williams

Translational research in pediatric pulmonary disease, 2017

As readers of this journal know, translational research is the application of basic science findings to improve clinical care; a process that was once called “bench-to-bedside” research. In my field of pediatr...

Authors: Bruce K. Rubin

Survivin a radiogenetic promoter for glioblastoma viral gene therapy independently from CArG motifs

Radiogenetic therapy is a novel approach in the treatment of cancer, which employs genetic modification to alter the sensitivity of tumor cells to the effect of applied radiation.

Authors: George E. Naoum, Zeng B. Zhu, Donald J. Buchsbaum, David T. Curiel and Waleed O. Arafat

Single cell sequencing: a distinct new field

Single cell sequencing (SCS) has become a new approach to study biological heterogeneity. The advancement in technologies for single cell isolation, amplification of genome/transcriptome and next-generation se...

Authors: Jian Wang and Yuanlin Song

Integrating phosphoproteomics into the clinical management of prostate cancer

Phosphoproteomic analysis of tumor samples has the potential to uncover significant insights into kinase signaling networks present in late stage prostate cancer that are complementary to genomic and transcrip...

Authors: Larry C. Cheng, Victor M. Tan, Shridar Ganesan and Justin M. Drake

Re: Choices have consequences: the nexus between DNA repair pathways and genomic instability in cancer


Authors: Michael McKay

Precision medicine in immune checkpoint blockade therapy for non-small cell lung cancer

Immune checkpoint blockade therapy by targeting the programmed death protein 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis using antibodies has yielded promising clinical responses in patients with non-small cell l...

Authors: Xiaoming Liu and William C. Cho

Tissue is the issue and tissue competition. Re-biopsy for mutation T790: where and why?

Lung cancer is still the leading cause of death among all cancers. During the last 15 years, pharmacogenomics of lung cancer have established targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for epiderm...

Authors: Paul Zarogoulidis, Mina Gaga, Haidong Huang, Kaid Darwiche, Aggeliki Rapti and Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt

The antineoplastic drug, trastuzumab, dysregulates metabolism in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes

The targeted ERBB2 therapy, trastuzumab, has had a tremendous impact on management of patients with HER2+ breast cancer, leading to development and increased use of further HER2 targeted therapies. The major c...

Authors: Brian M. Necela, Bianca C. Axenfeld, Daniel J. Serie, Jennifer M. Kachergus, Edith A. Perez, E. Aubrey Thompson and Nadine Norton

Contact allergy to aluminium induced by commonly used pediatric vaccines

Authors: E. Bergfors, B. Trollfors, A. Inerot and A. Gente Lidholm

A current perspective on cancer immune therapy: step-by-step approach to constructing the magic bullet

Immunotherapy is the new trend in cancer treatment due to the selectivity, long lasting effects, and demonstrated improved overall survival and tolerance, when compared to patients treated with conventional ch...

Authors: Gabriele D’Errico, Heather L. Machado and Bruno Sainz Jr.

A systematic approach to cancer: evolution beyond selection

Cancer is typically scrutinized as a pathological process characterized by chromosomal aberrations and clonal expansion subject to stochastic Darwinian selection within adaptive cellular ecosystems. Cognition ...

Authors: William B. Miller Jr. and John S. Torday

MRI detection of endothelial cell inflammation using targeted superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (SPIO)

There is currently no clinical imaging technique available to assess the degree of inflammation associated with atherosclerotic plaques. This study aims to develop targeted superparamagnetic particles of iron ...

Authors: Joyce M. S. Chan, Maggie S. H. Cheung, Richard G. J. Gibbs and Kishore K. Bhakoo

Clinical protein science developments for patient monitoring in hospital central laboratories

Patient care relies heavily on standardized tests performed in hospital laboratories, typically including clinical chemistry, pathology and microbiology. With the introduction of personalized medicine tremendo...

Authors: Johan Malm and György Marko-Varga

Safety concerns and hidden agenda behind HPV vaccines: another generation of drug-dependent society?

Analyses of data and hidden agenda behind repeated failed outcomes of cancer research and therapy, status of American health, safety concerns for HPV vaccines and future research considerations are summarized ...

Authors: Mahin Khatami

Choices have consequences: the nexus between DNA repair pathways and genomic instability in cancer

The genome is under constant assault from a multitude of sources that can lead to the formation of DNA double-stand breaks (DSBs). DSBs are cytotoxic lesions, which if left unrepaired could lead to genomic ins...

Authors: Sonali Bhattacharjee and Saikat Nandi

Novel paradigm for immunotherapy of ovarian cancer by engaging prophylactic immunity against hepatitis B virus

Only eight women out of one hundred diagnosed with ovarian epithelial cancers, which progressed to the clinical stage IV, survive 10 years. First line therapies: surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy in...

Authors: Marek Malecki, Emily Putzer, Caroline Quach, Chaitanya Dodivenaka and Xenia Tombokan

Evaluation of patients with multiple sclerosis using reverse nutech functional score and expanded disability status scale after human embryonic stem cell therapy

The expanded disability status scale (EDSS) is a validated and reliable tool to assess the extent of disabilities in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the use of this tool has been found to be li...

Authors: Geeta Shroff

A braided cancer river connects tumor heterogeneity and precision medicine

With the ever-increasing complexity of tumor heterogeneity (TH) discovered through cancer genome sequencing, it is apparent that TH has become the biggest hurdle for precision cancer therapeutics. Through stud...

Authors: James J. Hsieh and Emily H. Cheng

Role of physiotherapy in the mobilization of patients with spinal cord injury undergoing human embryonic stem cells transplantation

The major complication faced by patients with chronic static spinal cord injury (SCI) is the loss of mobilization. With the aim to rehabilitate SCI patients, physiotherapy is performed worldwide. However, it o...

Authors: Geeta Shroff, Dipin Thakur, Varun Dhingra, Deepak Singh Baroli, Deepanshu Khatri and Rahul Dev Gautam

Clinical study of Gene-Eden-VIR/Novirin in genital herpes: suppressive treatment safely decreases the duration of outbreaks in both severe and mild cases

We conducted a clinical study that tested the effect of suppressive treatment with the botanical product Gene-Eden-VIR/Novirin on genital herpes. Our previous paper showed that the treatment decreased the numb...

Authors: Hanan Polansky, Edan Itzkovitz and Adrian Javaherian

Serum levels of S100A6 are unaltered in patients with resectable cholangiocarcinoma

Elevated expression levels of S100A6, a calcium-binding low-molecular-weight protein, were demonstrated in various malignancies. Moreover, increased serum levels of S100A6 were suggested as a novel biomarker f...

Authors: Sven H. Loosen, Fabian Benz, Jennifer Niedeggen, Maximilian Schmeding, Florian Schüller, Alexander Koch, Mihael Vucur, Frank Tacke, Christian Trautwein, Christoph Roderburg, Ulf P. Neumann and Tom Luedde

Adult pulmonary tuberculosis as a pathological manifestation of hyperactive antimycobacterial immune response

The intricate relationship between tuberculosis (TB) and immune system remains poorly understood. It is generally believed that weakening of the immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to reactiv...

Authors: Pawan Kumar

Pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir in infants under the age of 1 year

Oseltamivir is the only antiviral treatment recommended for influenza in young children over the age of 1 year. There is scant data on oseltamivir pharmacokinetics (PK) in infants <1 year. We set out to perfor...

Authors: Rashmi Dixit, Slade Matthews, Gulam Khandaker, Karen Walker, Marino Festa and Robert Booy

JNK inhibition reduces lung remodeling and pulmonary fibrotic systemic markers

Lung remodeling and pulmonary fibrosis are serious, life-threatening conditions resulting from diseases such as chronic severe asthma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Preclinical evidence suggests that...

Authors: Jos L. J. van der Velden, Ying Ye, James D. Nolin, Sidra M. Hoffman, David G. Chapman, Karolyn G. Lahue, Sarah Abdalla, Peng Chen, Yong Liu, Brydon Bennett, Nasreen Khalil, Donna Sutherland, William Smith, Gerald Horan, Mahmoud Assaf, Zebulun Horowitz…

Is cancer a severe delayed hypersensitivity reaction and histamine a blueprint?

Longevity and accumulation of multiple context-dependent signaling pathways of long-standing inflammation (antigen-load or oxidative stress) are the results of decreased/altered regulation of immunity and loss...

Authors: Mahin Khatami

A One Health overview, facilitating advances in comparative medicine and translational research

A1 One health advances and successes in comparative medicine and translational research

Authors: Cheryl Stroud, Igor Dmitriev, Elena Kashentseva, Jeffrey N. Bryan, David T. Curiel, Hans Rindt, Carol Reinero, Carolyn J. Henry, Philip J. Bergman, Nicola J. Mason, Josephine S. Gnanandarajah, Julie B. Engiles, Falon Gray, Danielle Laughlin, Anita Gaurnier-Hausser, Anu Wallecha…

Therapeutic use of stem cells for cardiovascular disease

Stem cell treatments are a desirable therapeutic option to regenerate myocardium and improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction. Several different types of cells have been explored, each with their o...

Authors: Whitney Faiella and Rony Atoui

A quantitative metabolomics profiling approach for the noninvasive assessment of liver histology in patients with chronic hepatitis C

High-throughput technologies have the potential to identify non-invasive biomarkers of liver pathology and improve our understanding of basic mechanisms of liver injury and repair. A metabolite profiling appro...

Authors: M. Omair Sarfaraz, Robert P. Myers, Carla S. Coffin, Zu-Hua Gao, Abdel Aziz M. Shaheen, Pam M. Crotty, Ping Zhang, Hans J. Vogel and Aalim M. Weljie

Novel paradigm for immunotherapy of breast cancer by engaging prophylactic immunity against hepatitis B

Immunotherapy of patients suffering from the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 overexpressing (HER-2⁺) breast cancers with the anti-HER-2 antibodies results in increase of the patients’ overall survival. H...

Authors: Marek Malecki, Chelsea Sabo, Afsoon Foorohar and Xenia Tombokan

Creatine kinase in ischemic and inflammatory disorders

The creatine/phosphocreatine pathway plays a conserved and central role in energy metabolism. Compartmentalization of specific creatine kinase enzymes permits buffering of local high energy phosphates in a the...

Authors: David Kitzenberg, Sean P. Colgan and Louise E. Glover

Erratum to: Clinical trial considerations on male contraception and collection of pregnancy information from female partner: update

Authors: Maria Longauer Banholzer, Christoph Wandel, Paul Barrow, Marie Mannino, Georg Schmitt, Melanie Guérard, Lutz Müller, Gerard Greig, Kenjie Amemiya, Richard Peck, Thomas Singer and Lucette Doessegger

Clinical significance of T cell metabolic reprogramming in cancer

Conversion of normal cells to cancer is accompanied with changes in their metabolism. During this conversion, cell metabolism undergoes a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, also known ...

Authors: Christoph Herbel, Nikolaos Patsoukis, Kankana Bardhan, Pankaj Seth, Jessica D. Weaver and Vassiliki A. Boussiotis

Does it make sense to target one tumor cell chemotactic factor or its receptor when several chemotactic axes are involved in metastasis of the same cancer?

The major problem with cancer progression and anti-cancer therapy is the inherent ability of cancer cells to migrate and establish distant metastases. This ability to metastasize correlates with the presence i...

Authors: Mariusz Z. Ratajczak, Malwina Suszynska and Magda Kucia

Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell based therapy for osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease affecting articular cartilage in joints, and it is a leading cause of disability in the United States. Current pharmacological treatment strategies are ine...

Authors: John Burke, Monte Hunter, Ravindra Kolhe, Carlos Isales, Mark Hamrick and Sadanand Fulzele

Emerging therapeutic roles for NAD⁺ metabolism in mitochondrial and age-related disorders

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) is a central metabolic cofactor in eukaryotic cells that plays a critical role in regulating cellular metabolism and energy homeostasis. NAD⁺ in its reduced form (i.e. NAD...

Authors: Sarika Srivastava

Integrated information for integrated care in the general practice setting in Italy: using social network analysis to go beyond the diagnosis of frailty in the elderly

Frailty has been defined in different ways and several diagnostic tools exist, but most of them are not applicable in routine primary care. Nonetheless, general practitioners (GPs) have a natural advantage in ...

Authors: Michela Franchini, Stefania Pieroni, Loredana Fortunato, Tamara Knezevic, Michael Liebman and Sabrina Molinaro

Clinical trial considerations on male contraception and collection of pregnancy information from female partner: update

This is an update to our 2012 publication on clinical trial considerations on male contraception and collection of pregnancy information from female partner, after critical review of recent (draft) guidances r...

Authors: Maria Longauer Banholzer, Christoph Wandel, Paul Barrow, Marie Mannino, Georg Schmitt, Melanie Guérard, Lutz Müller, Gerard Greig, Kenjie Amemiya, Richard Peck, Thomas Singer and Lucette Doessegger

Mitochondria, cholesterol and cancer cell metabolism

Given the role of mitochondria in oxygen consumption, metabolism and cell death regulation, alterations in mitochondrial function or dysregulation of cell death pathways contribute to the genesis and progressi...

Authors: Vicent Ribas, Carmen García-Ruiz and José C. Fernández-Checa

Electrical stimulation towards melanoma therapy via liquid metal printed electronics on skin

We proposed a method of using electrical stimulation for treatment of malignant melanoma through directly spray-printing liquid metal on skin as soft electrodes to deliver low intensity, intermediate frequency...

Authors: Jun Li, Cangran Guo, Zhongshuai Wang, Kai Gao, Xudong Shi and Jing Liu

Researchers’ perspectives on pediatric obesity research participant recruitment

Childhood obesity prevalence has tripled over the last three decades. Pediatric obesity has important implications for both adult health as well as the United States economy. In order to combat pediatric obesi...

Authors: Yasha Parikh, Maryann Mason and Karen Williams