Sites of synchronous distant metastases and prognosis in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases at initial diagnosis: a population-based study of 16,643 patients

Clinical and Translational Medicine

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate Cox regression for all-cause mortality based on treatment modalities and metastatic sites

Groups	Variables	Level	n	Univariate		Multivariate
Groups	Variables	Level	n	HR (95% CI)	p value	HR (95% CI)	p value
Bone-only (n = 14,872)	Surgery	No/unknown	13,475	1		1
		Endoscopic therapy	1191	0.975 (0.898–1.058)	0.539	1.106 (1.016–1.204)	0.020
		RP	206	0.187 (0.128–0.274)	< 0.001	0.339 (0.231–0.495)	< 0.001
	RT	No/unknown	11,584	1		1
		EBRT	3194	0.898 (0.850–0.949)	< 0.001	0.954 (0.902–1.009)	0.097
		Brachytherapy	94	0.396 (0.272–0.578)	< 0.001	0.567 (0.388–0.829)	0.003
	Chemo	No/unknown	13,015	1		1
	Chemo	Yes	1857	0.761 (0.700–0.827)	< 0.001	0.850 (0.781–0.924)	< 0.001
Bone and lung (n = 976)	Surgery	No/unknown	899	1
		Endoscopic therapy	72	0.844 (0.609–1.169)	0.308
		RP	5	–	–
	RT	No/unknown	758	1
		EBRT	216	0.915 (0.744–1.125)	0.400
		Brachytherapy	2	–	–
	Chemo	No/unknown	808	1		1
	Chemo	Yes	168	0.643 (0.483–0.855)	0.002	0.737 (0.552–0.984)	0.039
Bone and liver (n = 414)	Surgery	No/unknown	355	1
		Endoscopic therapy	57	0.970 (0.707–1.332)	0.852
		RP	2	–	–
	RT	No/unknown	333	1
		EBRT	80	0.898 (0.673–1.198)	0.464
		Brachytherapy	1	–	–
	Chemo	No/unknown	306	1		1
	Chemo	Yes	108	0.629 (0.477–0.830)	0.001	0.651 (0.491–0.864)	0.003
Bone and brain (n = 126)	Surgery	No/unknown	122	1
		Endoscopic therapy	2	–	–
		RP	2	–	–
	RT	No/unknown	78	1
		EBRT	46	1.015 (0.668–1.541)	0.944
		Brachytherapy	2	–	–
	Chemo	No/unknown	107	1
	Chemo	Yes	19	0.577 (0.314–1.062)	0.077
Bone and ≥ 2 other sites (n = 255)	Surgery	No/unknown	234	1
	Surgery	Endoscopic therapy	21	0.872 (0.474–1.606)	0.661
	RT	No/unknown	184	1
	RT	EBRT	71	1.007 (0.730–1.390)	0.965
	Chemo	No/unknown	191	1
	Chemo	Yes	64	1.009 (0.709–1.43600)	0.959

Multivariate analysis was adjusted for age, marriage, race, PSA, and Gleason score