Table 3 Comparison of gene editing delivery systems
From: From fiction to science: clinical potentials and regulatory considerations of gene editing
Vector type | Advantages | Disadvantages | Solution/developments |
|---|---|---|---|
AAV | Good tissue tropism Efficient gene editing Low immunogenicity | Low packaging capacity | Trans-splicing vectors |
Adenovirus | Large packaging capacity | High immunogenicity Low tissue tropism | Removal of viral genes to avoid immunogenicity |
Lentivirus | Large packaging capacity | Stable integration into genome Low tissue tropism | Non-integrative lentiviral vectors Can be engineered to show tissue tropism |
Nonviral delivery systems (e.g. lipid-based nanoparticles) | Delivery of DNA, rRNA or protein complexes and transient expression Virus free | Naturally low tissue tropism Limited delivery efficiency | Development of systems with high tissue tropism Improvement of efficiency |