Table 1 Examples of cognitive interviewing according to Tourangeau and Rasinski [17]
Cognitive probe | Explanation | Example of interview question |
|---|---|---|
Comprehension | What does the respondent believe the question to be asking? | Can you repeat the question in your own words? |
Recall | What types of information does the respondent need to recall in order to answer the question? | How did you arrive at your answer? |
Decision/judgement process | Does the respondent devote sufficient mental effort to answer the question accurately and thoughtfully? | How hard was it to answer the question? |
Response process | Can the respondent match his or her internally generated answer to the response categories given by the survey question? | Did you wish to give an answer different to the available answer options? |