Table 3 Combination therapy in clinical trials for treatment of Glioblastoma multiforme
From: Combination therapy to checkmate Glioblastoma: clinical challenges and advances
Target | Molecule | GBM type | Stage of testing | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Alkylation mediated DNA damage | Temozolomide (TMZ) + radiotherapy (RT) | GBM | Phase IV | NCT00686725 |
αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrin inhibitor+ | Cilengitide + TMZ + RT | Newly diagnosed GBM patients with methylated MGMT promoter | Phase III | NCT00689221 |
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor | Imatinib mesylate + hydroxyurea | TMZ resistant progressive GBM | Phase III | NCT00154375 |
Pan-VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor | Cediranib + lomustine chemotherapy | Recurrent GBM | Phase III | NCT00777153 |
VEGF-A | Bevacizumab (Avastin®) + TMZ + RT | Newly diagnosed GBM | Phase III | NCT00943826 |
Immunostimulant | TMZ + RT + poly ICLC | Newly diagnosed GBM | Phase II | NCT00262730 |
Multiple kinase inhibitor | TMZ + RT + sorafenib | GBM | Phase II | NCT00544817 |
Tubulin inhibitor | TMZ + PPX (CT2103) | GBM without MGMT methylation | Phase II | NCT01402063 |
mTOR inhibitor | TMZ + RT + bevacizumab + everolimus | GBM | Phase II | NCT00805961 |
VEGF-A + topoisomerase I inhibitor | TMZ + avastin + irinotecan | Unresectable/Multifocal GBM | Phase II | NCT00979017 |
EGFR inhibitor | TMZ + bevacizumab + tarceva | GBM | Phase II | NCT005255525 |