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Clinical and Translational Medicine
Fig. 1 | Clinical and Translational Medicine

Fig. 1

From: Cancer; an induced disease of twentieth century! Induction of tolerance, increased entropy and ‘Dark Energy’: loss of biorhythms (Anabolism v. Catabolism)

Fig. 1

Schematic representation of Yin and Yang of immunity that parallels differential bioenergetics at various stages of life. It depicts that fetal orderly growth primarily utilizes glycolysis and constituent growth factors (e.g., IGF, mTOR) under low O2 and in the absence of mitochondrial development. After birth and exposure to atmospheric oxygen, major adaptation and reprogramming of organ systems including development of mitochondria and effective immunity (Yin–Yang) are required. Aging and oxidative stress is depicted to skew effective immunity including mitochondrial dysfunction, induction of tolerance and hypoxia that resemble anabolic conditions of fetal orderly growth, that could lead to disorderly growth of cancer cells (Yin <Yang). See text

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