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Clinical and Translational Medicine

Table 3 Association between metabolic risk factors and FBG levels at baseline and follow up

From: Profiling of cardio-metabolic risk factors and medication utilisation among Type II diabetes patients in Ghana: a prospective cohort study

Variables

FBG (baseline)

X2, df (p value)

p value

FBG (follow up)

X2, df (p value)

p value

High (n = 147)

Normal (n = 94)

aOR (95% CI)

High (n = 94)

Normal (n = 66)

aOR (95% CI)

Gender

  

1.38, 1 (0.239)

   

3.55, 1 (0.06)

 

 Male

56 (38.1)

43 (45.7)

1.0#

 

33 (35.1)

33 (50.0)

1.0#

 

 Female

91 (61.9)

51 (54.3)

1.37 (0.81–2.32)

0.283

61 (64.9)

33 (50.0)

1.85 (0.97–3.51)

0.073

BMI

  

2.18, 3 (0.537)

   

1.77, 3 (0.622)

 

 Underweight

6 (4.1)

3 (3.2)

1.05 (0.25–4.47)

1.000

2 (2.1)

1 (1.5)

1.40 (0.12–16.21)

1.000

 Normal

70 (47.9)

37 (39.4)

1.0#

 

40 (42.6)

28 (43.1)

1.0#

 

 Overweight

46 (31.5)

34 (36.2)

0.72 (0.39–1.29)

0.289

29 (30.9)

23 (35.4)

0.88 (0.43–1.83)

0.852

 Obese

24 (16.4)

20 (21.3)

0.63 (0.31–1.30)

0.268

23 (24.5)

14 (21.5)

1.15 (0.51–2.62)

0.836

SBP

  

0.87, 1 (0.351)

   

1.13, 1(0.288)

 

 Normal

77 (52.4)

55 (58.5)

1.0#

 

49 (52.1)

40 (60.6)

1.0#

 

 High

70 (47.6)

39 (41.5)

1.28 (0.76–2.16)

0.357

45 (47.9)

26 (39.4)

1.41 (0.75–2.68)

0.333

DBP

  

0.02, 1 (0.901)

   

2.34, 1(0.126)

 

 Normal

108 (73.5)

69 (74.2)

1.0#

 

67 (73.1)

54 (81.8)

1.0#

 

 High

39 (26.5)

24 (25.8)

1.04 (0.57–1.88)

1.000

27 (28.7)

12 (18.2)

1.81 (0.84–3.91)

0.139

TC

  

0.22, 1 (0.642)

   

0.09, 1 (0.764)

 

 Good

92 (63.0)

62 (66.0)

1.0#

 

62 (66.0)

43 (68.3)

1.0#

 

 High

54 (37.0)

32 (34.0)

1.14 (0.67–1.96)

0.681

32 (34.0)

20 (31.7)

1.11 (0.56–2.19)

0.863

TG

  

0.23, 1(0.630)

   

0.52,1 (0.472)

 

 Good

120 (81.6)

79 (84.0)

1.0#

 

85 (90.4)

59 (93.7)

1.0#

 

 High

27 (18.4)

15 (16.0)

1.19 (0.59–2.37)

0.729

9 (9.6)

4 (6.3)

1.56 (0.46–5.31)

0.565

HDL-c

  

0.01, 1(0.928)

   

0.83,1 (0.363)

 

 Good

115 (78.2)

74 (78.7)

1.0#

 

25 (26.6)

21 (33.3)

1.0#

 

 Low

32 (21.8)

20 (21.30)

1.03(0.55–1.93)

1.000

69 (73.4)

42 (66.7)

1.38 (0.69–2.77)

0.377

Non-HDL

  

0.05, 1 (0.827)

   

0.24,1 (0.621)

 

 Normal

72 (49.3)

45 (47.5)

1.0#

 

41 (43.6)

30 (47.6)

1.0#

 

 High

74 (50.7)

49 (52.1)

0.94 (0.56–1.59)

0.895

53 (56.4)

33 (52.4)

1.18 (0.62–2.23)

0.628

LDL-c

  

0.88, 1 (0.349)

   

0.84,1 (0.358)

 

 Good

68 (46.6)

38 (40.4)

1.0#

 

32 (34.0)

26 (41.3)

1.0#

 

 High

78 (53.4)

56 (59.6)

0.78 (0.46–1.32)

0.355

62 (66.0)

37 (58.7)

1.36 (0.71–2.63)

0.401

  1. Logistic regression model, adjusted for age and medication. 1.0#: reference point for odds ratio
  2. X 2, df Chi square value, degrees of freedom, aOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval
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