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Fig. 2 | Clinical and Translational Medicine

Fig. 2

From: Safety concerns and hidden agenda behind HPV vaccines: another generation of drug-dependent society?

Fig. 2

Modified from, Exp Opin Biol Ther; Informa Healthcare, 2011 [10]. All Rights reserved

Schematic demonstration that aging and unresolved inflammation are co-risk factors in developmental phases of immune dysfunction in multistep tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. The left panel depicts initial stages of our ‘accidental’ discoveries on inflammation-induced identifiable immune dysfunction in ocular tissue responses during (a) acute phase responses or self-terminating (reversible) events; (b) intermediate phase, down-regulation phenomenon accompanied with mild tissue atrophy and neovascularization, potentially reversible; and (c) chronic phase, induction of massive lymphoid hyperplasia and tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. The right panel represents chronic inflammation and continued stages of tissue growth (d, e) advancing to cancer malignancies and angiogenesis in site-specific tissue. The complex scheme demonstrates that majorities of translational medicine and clinical trials are conducted in identification of endless damaged molecules at advanced stages of carcinogenesis and drug use (red arrows in phase e, ‘cancer tsunami’).

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