From: Prognostic factors in the acute respiratory distress syndrome
Categories | Plasma markers | No. of patients | Results | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Endothelium | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | VEGF | 40 | Elevated VEGF levels in ELF may predict a better outcome | [55] |
 | VEGF receptor-2 | 101 | Independently predictive of death | [56] |
 | Angiopoietin-2 | 931 | Independently predictive of death | [59] |
 | von Willebrand factor | 559 | Independently predictive of death | [60] |
Epithelium | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | Surfactant protein-D | 565 | Independently predictive of death | [62] |
 | ELF KL-6 | 32 | Predictive of death | [63] |
 | RAGE | 676 | Predictive of death | [65] |
 | Clara cell protein (CC-16) | 78 | Predictive of death | [69] |
Inflammation | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | LTB4, IL-8 | 35, 39, 816 | Predictive of death | |
 | IL-2, IL-15 | 34 | Predictive of death | [73] |
 | Decoy receptor (DcR) 3 |  | Predictive of death | [75] |
 | Ratio of Tregs to all CD4+ lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) | 47 | Predictive of death | [79] |
Coagulation | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | Protein C | 45, 779 | Predictive of death | |
 | PAI-1 | 779 | Predictive of death | [84] |