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Table 1 Overview of Hippo-related mouse models

From: The hippo signaling pathway: implications for heart regeneration and disease

Mouse line

Cardiac phenotype

Yap activity

References

Mst1 Tg (αMHC)

Dilated cardiomyopathy, increased apoptosis and no compensatory hypertrophy. Premature death.

ND

[129]

DN-Mst1 Tg (αMHC)

Normal cardiac function. Protection against I/R and MI.

ND

[129],[130]

Lats2 Tg (αMHC)

Baseline cardiac dysfunction. Reduced heart size.

ND

[135]

DN-Lats2 Tg (αMHC)

Cardiac hypertrophy with normal cardiac function. Protection against I/R.

ND

[135]

Sav1 cKO (Nkx2.5-cre)

Embryonic lethal. Cardiomegaly, thickened walls and increased proliferation.

Increased

[60]

Mst1/2 cKO (Nkx2.5-cre)

Embryonic lethal. Enlarged heart.

ND

[60]

Lats1/2 cKO (Nkx2.5-cre)

Embryonic lethal. Enlarged heart.

ND

[60]

Yap Tg (αMHC)

Enlarged heart with increased proliferation. Increased cardiac regeneration.

Increased

[123]

Yap Tg (αMHC)

Enlarged heart with Increased proliferation.

Increased

[115]

Yap Tg (αMHC; ROSA26fs-rtTA; TRE-Yap)

Normal cardiac function. Increased proliferation. Protection against MI with no change in apoptosis.

Increased

[124]

Yap cKO (Nkx2.5-cre)

Embryonic lethal. Reduced heart size, reduced proliferation.

Reduced

[61],[115]

Yap cKO (Tnnt2-cre)

Embryonic lethal. Reduced heart size, reduced proliferation.

Reduced

[115]

Yap cKO (αMHC-cre)

Dilated cardiomyopathy, increased apoptosis, increased fibrosis and premature death. Worsened outcome after MI (het).

Reduced

[122],[123]

Sav1 cKO (αMHC-MCM)

Normal cardiac function. Increased proliferation and heart regeneration. Protected against MI.

Increased

[125]

Lats1/2 cKO (αMHC-MCM)

Normal cardiac function. Increased proliferation and heart regeneration. Protected against MI.

Increased

[125]

  1. A summary of Hippo pathway gain- and loss-of-function mouse models with corresponding cardiac phenotypes and effects on Yap activity. ND = not determined.