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Clinical and Translational Medicine

Table 2 Concentration of markers in early (S1) and late (S2) stage T.b. rhodesiense patients

From: New biomarkers for stage determination in Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense sleeping sickness patients

Marker

[S1], median

[S2], median

[S2]/[S1]

p value*

Spearman rho†

IgM [μg/mL]

0.96

65.4

68.1

<0.0001

0.491

MMP-9 [pg/mL]

108.6

1309.9

12.1

<0.0001

0.554

CXCL13 [pg/mL]

8.2

1531.2

186.7

<0.0001

0.529

VCAM-1 [ng/mL]

22.6

67.3

3.0

<0.0001

0.372

B2MG [ng/mL]

964

3447

3.6

<0.0001

0.426

ICAM-1 [ng/mL]

1.99

9.6

4.8

<0.0001

0.457

Neopterin [nmol/L]

41.2

112.9

2.7

0.001

0.360

CXCL10 [ng/mL]

8.9

41.9

4.7

0.005

0.508

  1. * Mann–Whitney U test.
  2. † Correlation between the number of CSF WBC and CSF levels for each marker. Correlation was significant at 0.01 level.
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